Volcanic eruptions cause widespread damage. SAR technology, particularly Sentinel-1, enables real-time surface monitoring even through cloud and smoke cover. This update highlights April 2025 change detection analysis for Mt. Etna.

• Satellite: Sentinel-1 (X-band SAR)
• Mode: Stripmap
• Dates: Mar 26, Apr 1, Apr 7, Apr 19, 2025
• Resolution: 10m
• Polarization: VV
• Preprocessing: Calibration, Speckle filtering, Terrain correction
• Technique: Otsu thresholding applied to pre-/post-event imagery

• Surface change detection successfully mapped lava flows and ash areas.
• Dynamic Imaging potential identified moving lava streams.
• High backscatter detected burn areas and debris fields.

• Damaged regions clearly identified
• Environmental changes mapped from lava flow
• Useful for emergency recovery assessments
• Polarization analysis shows surface deformation
• Ice/snow melt variations observed

• Disaster Response Planning
• Insurance Risk Assessment
• Agricultural Damage Evaluation
• Urban Infrastructure Risk Mapping
• HADR Emergency Support

• AI/ML Automated Analysis
• Multi-Sensor Fusion (SAR + Optical + Thermal)
• Real-Time Processing Pipeline

Visual content such as pre- and post-eruption SAR imagery and change detection maps will be displayed here.

This report is intended for informational and analytical purposes only. The observations and interpretations are based on available satellite data and standard remote sensing methodologies. CyOak Consulting® makes no warranties regarding completeness or suitability for any particular application. Users should supplement with ground verification where necessary.

Satellite imagery and SAR data sourced from Sentinel-1, operated by the European Space Agency (ESA) under the Copernicus Programme. Data utilized under open-access policy. No endorsement by ESA is implied.

This report is for internal use only by CyOak Consulting®. Unauthorized sharing, reproduction, or distribution is prohibited without explicit written permission from CyOak Consulting®.